Ferdinánd Leó Miklósi - Instytut Pileckiego

Medal 'Virtus et Fraternitas' / Recipients

Ferdinánd Leó Miklósi (1889–1968)

Awarded in 2024.

As a 21-year-old in 1910, he was a member of the Hungarian delegation that participated in the unveiling of the Grunwald Monument in Kraków.

This event, which brought together some 150,000 Poles – at the time deprived of their own homeland – had a strong impact on Ferdinánd’s entire life. It was then that he became an ardent popularizer of Polish affairs in Hungary. During the First World War, he chaired the Union of Hungarian Legionnaires, which brought together Hungarian citizens fighting in the Polish Legions. Not only did he recruit soldiers, but also for a time actively participated in the armed struggle. Furthermore, he intervened with Hungarian authorities on the issue of supplying Poles with weapons and ammunition. In the inter-war period, he played an important role in developing Hungarian-Polish commercial and cultural contacts. In 1930, he became head of the Union of Polish Legionnaires in Budapest, renamed the Association of Hungarians Legionnaires in January 1939. Miklósi initiated and co-financed the erection of a number of memorials related to Polish history, including a monument to Józef Bem in Budapest.

During the Second World War, he was a trusted associate of József Antall, a great friend of the Polish people. Already in early September 1939, he went to the Hungarian-Polish border to help in the admittance of refugees. He organized lodging and food. Acting under various pretexts, Ferdinánd visited refugee camps, where he handed over clothing, documents and secret instructions. He secretly supported the evacuation of interned soldiers to France, while his apartment in Budapest served as a hideout for Polish liaison officers. He reported on the situation of refugees in articles published in the foreign press, and also edited a newspaper, the “Węgierski Kurier Polski”. In May 1944, he was arrested by the Gestapo on charges of illegally helping Poles and sentenced to death. He was spared, however, thanks to the intervention of the Hungarian government. After the war, he worked for a time as the Hungarian correspondent of the Katowice-based “Dziennik Zachodni”. But he was persecuted by the Hungarian Communists, and in 1951 he and his family were evicted from their apartment. He died in poverty on 4 August 1968 in Budapest.

My contacts with Miklósi were not limited to receiving important information and writing articles for him. In fact, I turned to him in all instances when I had any difficulties in taking care of affairs at the [Polish] Institute in Budapest. Feri always found a way out.
A recollection by Zdzisław Antoniewicz, Deputy Director of the Polish Institute in Budapest during the Second World War: Z. Antoniewicz, Rozbitkowie na Węgrzech. Wspomnienia z lat 1939–1946, Warszawa 1987, p. 115.

Monument to Józef Bem in the square in Budapest carrying his name, erected in 1934 on the initiative of Ferdinánd Leó Miklósi. The photograph shows the laying of flowers by a Polish delegation led by Prime Minister Marian Zyndram Kościałkowski in April 193
Ferdinánd Leó Miklósi’s press card from the second half of the 1940s, when he was the Hungarian correspondent of the Katowice-based “Dziennik Zachodni” (Hungarian National Archives).

See also

  • Petro Bazeluk (1903–1949)

    awarded

    Petro Bazeluk (1903–1949)

    Mykola Bazeluk said that there was no difference between who was a Pole and who was a Ukrainian in Volhynia before the war. That all changed in 1943, when, as he put it, “Brother turned on brother.”

  • Trofim Danieluk

    awarded

    Trofim Danieluk
    (1880–1960)

    “Upon realizing the danger I was in, Ifled and hid among potato shoots. I owe my life to Trofim Danieluk, who said I hadn’t been home for the last three days, when asked by the murderers from the Ukrainian Insurgent Army” – reported Władysław Zubkiewicz.

  • Jan Jelínek (1912–2009)

    awarded

    Jan Jelínek (1912–2009)

    In 1937, the care of the Evangelical parish in Kupiczów, Volhynia was entrusted to Jan Jelínek. The young pastor won the hearts of the Czechs, who had settled there in the 19th century. In his sermons he preached love of neighbor regardless of his beliefs.